ABI Research White Paper: 5G and Energy Consumption

 

A 2020 ABI Research DataCenter Forum white paper Environmentally Sustainable 5G Deployment reports that 5G could increase power consumption by 61 times from 2020 to 2030. This is one of numerous industry report stating that 5G and the phenomenal growth in internet traffic from the internet of things will dramatically increase energy consumption.

Environmental Health Trust has compiled a list of White papers and research report documenting the increased energy consumption from 5G and wireless networks. Please download EHT’s List of Studies on 5G and Increased Energy Use and EHT’s Factsheet on 5G and Climate Change

Excerpts from the white paper:

“As 5G deployment continues to gain momentum, the energy consumption of cellular network will outpace the energy consumption growth in many countries. Growing at 9% CAGR, the cellular network is expected to grow at the same rate as prominent emerging economies in the world, such as Vietnam and Bangladesh. By 2030, global cellular network will break into the top 20 ranking for the global household or domestic energy consumption ranking by country, consuming 51.3 Mtoe per year, or roughly the same amount of energy as all the households in Australia and the United Kingdom.”

“end devices constituting 37% of the overall energy consumption of the cellular network by 2030”

Environmental Health Trust is working to ensure that the environmental footprint of 5G and future networks be considered.  Streaming with wireless results in higher greenhouse gas emissions compared to safer, faster, and more secure corded/wired fiber-optic connections. The solution is two fold. Companies must not only actively manage and reduce their carbon emissions with more energy-efficient networks, device hardware/software changes, greener data centers and environmentally sustainable manufacturing processes. More importantly, communities must prioritize wired connections in homes and buildings as well as design end user devices with easy to use plug and play wired capabilities.

---

The report documents “key steps to make 5G Greener” stating that “Telefonica claims that they have achieved a global reduction of almost 50% of their CO2 emissions since 2015. Other major CSPs, such as BT Group, Deutsche Telecom, Orange, Verizon and Vodafone have made similar pledges to actively manage and reduce their carbon emissions.” The report states that currently steps being taken include:

• championing the adoption of renewable energy
• improving the energy efficiency of network elements and user devices  through enhancement in data transmission, reduction of control-signaling overhead, and improvement in link adaption
• greening data centers with efficient cooling involving airflow design and management
• influencing stakeholders in the industry value chain to adopt similar standards and help to bring down the overall carbon footprint.

However these steps are not enough. The report states that “as more and more 5G network infrastructure are getting deployed, more aggressive energy optimization methods and technologies need to be developed to address the increase in carbon footprint.” ABI recommends the following actions:

Recommendations for device manufacturers to reduce the carbon footprint include: